Energy management for a dual-motor coupling propulsion electric bus based on model predictive control

Energy Management strategy is indispensable for the power allocation control and energy-saving performance of a dual-motor coupling propulsion electric bus (DMCEB). Considering the constraints and instantaneous optimization, a strategy based on model predictive control is proposed. Firstly, the stationary feature of the driving cycle trend is analyzed and a novel acceleration sign prediction process is explored based on auto-regressive moving average (ARMA) method. Secondly, two specific state transition probability matrices are established according to the acceleration sign and piecewise Markov chain model is utilized to predict velocity sequences in the 5-second horizon followed by prior process. The fluctuations are significantly moderated under the effect of acceleration sign prediction and the RMSE can be controlled within around 1.4119 km/h. At last, dynamic programming (DP) is adopted as the online rolling optimization part of the model predictive control (MPC) based strategy and DP-based results are used as the benchmark to evaluate the control effect. The simulation results show that, the energy economy based on the proposed strategy decreased by 21.4% comparing with the preliminary rule-based strategy and is only 6.8% worse than that based on DP. With the 85.75 kWh/100 km energy consumption performance and low mode switch frequency, the strategy is reasonable and suitable for electric bus.