An array calibration method based on iterative weighted least squares in radio astronomy

This paper focuses on array calibration in presence of noise in radio astronomy, involving estimating the time delay between different receiving channels. The received signals are modelled as complex Gaussian white noise with an under-estimated time delay between channels. A novel time delay estimation method is proposed, which utilizes an iterative weighted least squares method to the phase differences at different frequency. By establishing a linear relationship between phase differences and frequency, the desired time delay can be obtained. Simulations are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method in accurate calibration.