镍铁石墨烯基复合纳米材料的制备及其对高氯酸铵的催化分解性能

The G/Ni/Fe₂O₃ nanocomposites were fabricated via a sol-gel method, supercritical CO₂ drying and high temperature calcination technique using graphene as the carrier. The structures, performance and their catalytic effect of thermal decomposition of the G/Ni/Fe₂O₃ nanocomposites on ammonium perchlorate (AP) have been studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nitrogen adsorption tests (BET) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results indicate that the prepared nanocomposites has a porous structure with a specific surface area of 142m²/g and a total pore volume of 0.55cm³/g, and the Ni and Fe₂O₃ are dispersed evenly on the graphene sheets in nano-size. When mass fraction 9% of G/Ni/Fe₂O₃ the nanocomposites is added, the decomposition temperature of AP decreases from 434.2℃ to 347.9℃, and the exothermic heat released from the decomposition of AP increases from 593J/g to 1524J/g as well. It is attributed to the dual effect of GO of the lamellar structure to accelerate electron movement and inhibit the agglomeration, which is supposed to possess significant potential in high-energy solid propellants.