近红外二区硫系银量子点制备方法及癌症诊疗应用研究进展

With the increasing number of cancer-related deaths year by year, the development of new early diagnosis and precise treatment techniques has become a crucial research topic in the field of oncology. Fluorescence imaging, as a commonly used diagnostic method for cancer, offers advantages such as non-ionizing radiation and high sensitivity. Compared to traditional visible region and the first near-infrared window imaging technologies, the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000～1700 nm) fluorescence imaging technology presents characteristics of weak tissue scattering and low autofluorescence. Due to its deep tissue penetration, good spatial resolution, and high signal to noise ratio, it has attracted widespread attention. In recent years, a considerable amount of probes operating in NIR-II have been consistently under development. Quantum dots, as a type of nanoprobes, are influenced by the quantum confinement effect, providing tunable luminescent properties that allow absorption and emission wavelengths to span from the visible region to NIR-II. Silver chalcogenide quantum dots, as a low-toxicity type of quantum dots, exhibit excellent biocompatibility. Different methods have been developed to prepare silver chalcogenide quantum dots, including binary and ternary quantum dots, with emission spectra covering the entire range from 350 to 1700 nm. Silver chalcogenide quantum dots not only find applications in NIR-II fluorescence imaging but also hold potential for various imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, as well as therapeutic functions like photothermal therapy. They can serve as multifunctional biological probes for biological systems, providing innovative approaches for cancer diagnosis and therapy. This article reviews the classification of silver chalcogenide quantum dots, the preparation of NIR-II Ag2Te quantum dots and the latest advancements in their application in tumor diagnosis and treatment. It outlines the advancements made in the study of silver chalcogenide quantum dots in the last ten years, emphasizing the obstacles and possibilities encountered in the development of these versatile NIR-II nanoprobes.