细胞区室化调控萜类化合物微生物合成

Plant-derived terpenoids exhibit pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, making them widely used in medicine. In recent years, microbial cell factories have gained significant attention for the synthesis of terpenoids. Efficient terpenoid synthesis in microorganisms requires regulation and optimization of metabolic athways. Subcellular compartmentalization is a common regulatory strategy that plays an essential role in constructing microbial cell factories. Subcellular compartmentalization of metabolic pathways enhances the concentration of enzyme and substrate, inhibits the transfer of metabolic flux towards by-products, reduces accumulation of toxic intermediates, and enables efficient terpenoid synthesis. Although the research on the synthesis of terpenoids using compartmentalization has been carried out, there is currently limited information summarizing its application in microbial cell factory construction. Therefore, this review summarizes the physiological characteristics of various organelles and their applications in regulating terpenoid synthesis. It also discusses the development of regulatory strategies, existing problems, and prospects of subcellular compartmentalization, aiming to provide references for the efficient biosynthesis of terpenoids.