To observe bidirectional negative differential resistance at room temperature by narrowing transport channels for charge carriers in vertical organic light-emitting transistor

Bidirectional negative differential resistance (NDR) at room temperature with high peak-to-valley current ratio (PVCR) of ∼10 are observed from vertical organic light-emitting transistor indium-tin oxide (ITO)/N,N′- di(naphthalene-1-yl)-N,N′-diphenyl-benzidine) (α-NPD)(60 nm)/Al(30 nm)/α-NPD(60 nm)/tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminium (Alq₃)(50 nm)/Al by narrowing the transport channels for charge carriers with a thick-enough middle Al gate electrode layer to block charge carriers transporting from source electrode to drain electrode. When the transport channel for charge carriers gets large enough, the controllability of gate bias on the drain-source current gets weaker and the device almost works as an organic light-emitting diode only. Therefore, it provides a very simple way to produce NDR device with dominant bidirectional NDR and high PVCR (∼10) at room temperature by narrowing transport channels for charge carriers in optoelectronics.