Theory and Method of Non-contact Electrostatic Gait Detection Based on Human Body Electrostatic Field

Gait analysis is an important means for diagnosing related diseases, guiding rehabilitation, and assessing mobility. Compared with existing methods, the non-contact electrostatic induction detection method for obtaining gait signals has the advantages of being non-wearable, low-cost, and capable of directly obtaining full-cycle gait signals for a long time. This paper proposes a theory and method of non-contact electrostatic gait detection based on the human body’s electrostatic field. The change law of the equivalent capacitance of the human foot to the ground was analyzed and the kinematic equations of the human foot during movement was established. Based on this, a non-contact electrostatic gait signal detection model based on the human body’s electrostatic field was established. Both the simulation curve of the theoretical model and the measured electrostatic gait signal can reflect the gait information of the foot movement, especially initial contact (IC), toe-off (TO), and swing phase, and have high consistency. This research provides a new theoretical basis and feasible technical approach for gait measurement and analysis.