Synthesis and characterization of energetic compounds based on N-oxidation of 5-Nitroso-2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine

The N-oxidation of 5-Nitroso-2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine leads to the successful synthesis of 5-Nitro-2,4,6 triaminopyrimidine-1,3-Dioxide (NTAPDO) 1 and 5-Nitro-2,4,6-triaminopyrimidine-1-oxide (NTAPMO) 2 by using mild oxidation reactions and the NTAPMO (2) based energetic salts (3–5) were prepared effectively by reacting 2 with the related acids following neutralization reaction. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques were applied to manifest the structures and thermal stability of compounds respectively. The compounds 1–5 exhibited high densities in the range of 1.76 -1.87 g.cm⁻³ and mechanically insensitive towards impact and friction. The heat of formation (HOF) of these compounds was found high positive between the ranges of 207.7 to 768.4 kJ.mol⁻¹. The energetic salts 3, 4, and 5 demonstrated high detonation performance (velocity and pressure) and high volumes of explosion gasses (789.77, 733.85, and 730.61 L•kg⁻¹, respectively). Hence, compounds 1–5 displayed good thermal stability, high positive HOFs, and good detonation performance as well as low sensitivity suggesting their potential to be used as energetic materials in the field of high-performance explosives.