One-dimensional copper-based energetic coordination polymers applied to heat-resistant primary explosive based on 4-hydroxy-3,5-dinitropyrazole

Considering the heightened requirements of modern weapons and civil application for the environmental adaptability of primary explosives, reliable detonation under extreme conditions is realized. Designing and regulating the delicate balance between energy and sensitivity at the molecular level is an important research direction in the field of energetic materials. In this work, we propose a pioneering strategy employing a one-dimensional (1D) copper-based primary explosive with excellent heat resistance. The copper-based nitropyrazole coordination polymers (CNP) display a delayed explosion temperature of 270 °C, with a time lag (Δt = 0.3 s) between the initial heating point and the onset of the explosion, thus demonstrating its pronounced thermal sensitivity in practical applications. Notably, CNP showcases favorable characteristics such as high density (2.463 g·cm^-3), excellent thermal stability (T_d= 270 °C), and low sensitivities (IS = 10 J, FS = 120 N). Consequently, CNP emerges as a promising contender for implementation in the realm of heat-resistant primary explosives.