Measurement of the key parameters of VOC emissions from wooden furniture, and the impact of temperature

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from furniture severely influence indoor air quality. Prior studies have mainly focused on the emissions from building materials and vehicle cabin materials, but rarely refer to indoor furniture. Considering the complex internal structure of furniture, this study presents a two-layer numerical model to describe the emission behaviors of VOCs from wooden furniture. A multi-parameter regression method was then proposed to determine the key parameters in the furniture, i.e., the initial emittable concentration, the diffusion coefficient and the partition coefficient. Experiments were conducted in a 1 m³ environmental chamber for VOC emissions from two kinds of wooden furniture (panel furniture and solid wood furniture). The agreement between model predictions and test data (R² = 0.97–0.99) demonstrated the effectiveness of the model and measured key parameters. Compared with the traditional single-layer model, the two-layer numerical model can characterize the whole emission process from furniture better. In addition, the impact of temperature on the key parameters for furniture emissions was explored. With an increase in temperature from 23 °C to 35 °C, the diffusion coefficients for different VOCs from different wooden furniture, increase by 200%–2993%, while partition coefficients decrease by 41%–94%. This pattern conforms with that of VOC emissions from building materials. The present study should be helpful for source characterization of furniture and the associated exposure assessment.