超级铝热剂在固体推进剂中的应用研究进展

Superthermites with high heat release and high reactivity exhibit significantly enhanced reaction rates and energy release efficiency compared to traditional thermite compositions. Their incorporation into solid propellants can improve energy release rates,efficiency,and sensitivity,being a promising direction for the evolution of solid propellants.The preparation process,characteristics and industrial application potential of superthermites were summarized.The applicability of superthermites in solid propellants was discussed.The effects of microstructure(fuel / oxidizer interface control,core / shell structure,multilayer film structure) and composition(metal oxides,fluorine materials,carbon nanomaterials) of superthermite on the combustion performance and energy release of solid propellants were reviewed. The addition of superthermites significantly improves the thermal reaction activity and heat release,and enhances the ignition and combustion performance of propellants.At the same time,there are some problems such as high industrial production cost, complex process control requirements, and difficult precision control of combustion process. Future research priorities and development trends in the application of superthermites in solid propellants are anticipated to focus on addressing these issues,aiming to optimize performance.