基 于 高 精 度 回 归 共 振 的 掩 星 观 测 轨 道 设 计

The occultation observation technology is widely used to monitor the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Different from traditional optical observation，occultation observation requires the cooperation of a “source satellite”and an“observation satellite”to meet strict geometric constraints. This makes the orbit design of occultation observation satellites challenging. To improve the coverage of occultation observation satellites，this paper proposes an occultation observation configuration optimization method for occultation satellites based on precise repeat ground-track resonant orbit. First，the geometric constraints of occultation observations are translated from tangent height constraints to geocentric angle constraints，enabling a rapid assessment of continuous occultation observation arcs and coverage capabilities for any orbital configuration. Then，by utilizing the orbital characteristics of regression orbits and resonant orbits，a large-scale“source satellite - observation satellite”orbital configuration library is established，providing a foundational set of solutions for the design of occultation observation orbits. Finally，the orbital design of the source satellite and observation satellite is optimized，with the coverage capability of major carbon emission regions serving as the primary performance metric，and high-precision regression resonant observation configurations under J₂ perturbations are constructed using differential corrections. Results indicate that the designed occultation observation configuration not only ensures long duration of occultation observation during a single resonant period，but also achieves long-term maintenance of observation geometry and periodic stable observation. This method was successfully applied to the“Carbon Satellite Atmospheric Observation Orbit Design and Optimization”of the 8th China Graduate Future Flight Vehicle Innovation Competition and won the championship of the contest.