Study on flame propagation and inherent instability of hydrogen/ammonia/air mixture

To improve the safety and reliability of hydrogen energy, this paper studied the flame propagation and instability characteristics of hydrogen/ammonia/air mixture under different hydrogen contents, equivalence ratios and initial pressures. The results show that three typical phenomena are observed in the premixed hydrogen/ammonia/air flame propagation process under different experimental conditions. In a stable flame, the roughness of the flame surface does not increase, while during unstable flame expansion, the cracking of the flame surface splits and increases. In addition, under the condition of low equivalence ratio and hydrogen content, significant flame uplift is observed. With the increase in hydrogen content, the flame thickness and critical instability radius of the hydrogen/ammonia/air mixture decrease monotonously. The increase of hydrogen content mainly strengthens the hydrodynamic instability, leading to the weakening of flame stability. With the increase of the equivalence ratio, the Markstein length and the critical instability radius increase monotonically. The minimum value of flame thickness appears at the equivalence ratio of 1.0. The Lewis number is always less than 1 for poor combustion and greater than 1 for rich combustion. An increase in the hydrogen content only moves the Lewis number further away from 1. In rich burn, the thermal-diffusion is beneficial to flame stability, and the flame thickness increases with the increasing equivalence ratio. Under the combined effect of thermal-diffusion and hydrodynamic instability, the overall stability of the hydrogen/ammonia/air flame gradually increases with the increasing equivalence ratio. With the increase of initial pressure, the flame thickness decreases gradually. The critical instability radius and Markstein length both decrease rapidly with the increase of initial pressure.