Silicon photonic integrated optoelectronic oscillator for frequency-tunable microwave generation

Photonic generation of a frequency-tunable microwave signal based on a silicon photonic integrated optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The silicon photonic chip includes a high-speed phase modulator (PM), a thermally tunable micro-disk resonator (MDR), and a high-speed photodetector (PD). When an external light wave is injected into the chip, by a joint use of the PM, the MDR, and the PD, a bandpass microwave photonic filter (MPF) based on phase modulation and phase-modulation to intensity-modulation (PM-IM) conversion is realized. If the output microwave signal from the MPF is fed to the microwave input port of the PM with a sufficiently large gain provided by an electrical amplifier, the MPF becomes an OEO. By controlling the electrical power applied to a micro-heater, the resonance frequency of the MDR is tuned, which leads to the tuning of the MPF, and thus, the OEO oscillation frequency. In the experimental demonstration, two silicon photonic integrated OEOs using two MDRs with different micro-heaters are studied. The first OEO has a high-resistivity metallic micro-heater placed on top of the MDR, and the second OEO has a p-type doped silicon heater in the MDR. The two thermally tunable MDRs are characterized, and the performance of the MPFs based on the two MDRs is evaluated. The use of the two MPFs to implement two OEOs is performed, and their performance is evaluated in terms of frequency tunable range, phase noise, and power consumption.