Phase analysis on crater-forming of projectile penetrating into concrete target

Many experiments on the projectile penetrating into concrete target prove that the concrete chunks spall off from the target surface and the conical crater forms in the process of penetration. Based on the experimented data, the many empirical formulas were established to predict the impact effects of the projectile penetrating concrete target. However, the crater-forming mechanism was not further studied. The material property of concrete is that its compressive strength is larger than the tensile strength, but it is still not a purely brittle material. In order to clearly explain the crater-forming mechanism in the penetration, the crater-forming process can be divided into contact between the projectile nose and target surface, production and expansion of the ring crack, production and expansion of the radial crack, and crater-forming. Based on the analysis and calculation of the crater-forming resistance, the crater angle was calculated and compared with the experimented results. The calculated result consists with the experimented one.