Influence of oxidation state of phosphorus on the thermal and flammability of polyurea and epoxy resin

Thirumal Mariappan; You Zhou; Jianwei Hao; Charles A. Wilkie

doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.06.009

Influence of oxidation state of phosphorus on the thermal and flammability of polyurea and epoxy resin

Thirumal Mariappan, You Zhou, Jianwei Hao, Charles A. Wilkie^*

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

80 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The focus of this study is an investigation of the effect of oxidation state of phosphorus in phosphorus-based flame retardants on the thermal and flame retardant properties of polyurea and epoxy resin. Three different oxidation states of phosphorus (phosphite, phosphate and phosphine oxide) additives, with different thermal stabilities at a constant phosphorus content (1.5 wt.%) have been utilized. Thermal and flame retardant properties were studied by TGA and cone calorimetry, respectively. The thermal stability of both polymers decreases upon the incorporation of phosphorus flame retardants irrespective of oxidation state and a greater amount of residue was observed in the case of phosphite. Phosphate was found to be better flame retardant in polyurea, whereas phosphite is suitable for epoxy resin. Phosphite will react with epoxy resin by trans-esterification, which is demonstrated by FTIR and ³¹P NMR. Further, TG-FTIR and XPS studies also provide information on flame retardancy of both polymers with phosphorus flame retardants.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	3171-3180
Number of pages	10
Journal	European Polymer Journal
Volume	49
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.06.009
Publication status	Published - Oct 2013

Keywords

Cone calorimetry
Epoxy resin
Oxidation state
Phosphorus flame retardants
Polyurea
Thermal properties

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10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.06.009

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title = "Influence of oxidation state of phosphorus on the thermal and flammability of polyurea and epoxy resin",

abstract = "The focus of this study is an investigation of the effect of oxidation state of phosphorus in phosphorus-based flame retardants on the thermal and flame retardant properties of polyurea and epoxy resin. Three different oxidation states of phosphorus (phosphite, phosphate and phosphine oxide) additives, with different thermal stabilities at a constant phosphorus content (1.5 wt.%) have been utilized. Thermal and flame retardant properties were studied by TGA and cone calorimetry, respectively. The thermal stability of both polymers decreases upon the incorporation of phosphorus flame retardants irrespective of oxidation state and a greater amount of residue was observed in the case of phosphite. Phosphate was found to be better flame retardant in polyurea, whereas phosphite is suitable for epoxy resin. Phosphite will react with epoxy resin by trans-esterification, which is demonstrated by FTIR and 31P NMR. Further, TG-FTIR and XPS studies also provide information on flame retardancy of both polymers with phosphorus flame retardants.",

keywords = "Cone calorimetry, Epoxy resin, Oxidation state, Phosphorus flame retardants, Polyurea, Thermal properties",

author = "Thirumal Mariappan and You Zhou and Jianwei Hao and Wilkie, {Charles A.}",

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T1 - Influence of oxidation state of phosphorus on the thermal and flammability of polyurea and epoxy resin

AU - Mariappan, Thirumal

AU - Zhou, You

AU - Hao, Jianwei

AU - Wilkie, Charles A.

PY - 2013/10

Y1 - 2013/10

N2 - The focus of this study is an investigation of the effect of oxidation state of phosphorus in phosphorus-based flame retardants on the thermal and flame retardant properties of polyurea and epoxy resin. Three different oxidation states of phosphorus (phosphite, phosphate and phosphine oxide) additives, with different thermal stabilities at a constant phosphorus content (1.5 wt.%) have been utilized. Thermal and flame retardant properties were studied by TGA and cone calorimetry, respectively. The thermal stability of both polymers decreases upon the incorporation of phosphorus flame retardants irrespective of oxidation state and a greater amount of residue was observed in the case of phosphite. Phosphate was found to be better flame retardant in polyurea, whereas phosphite is suitable for epoxy resin. Phosphite will react with epoxy resin by trans-esterification, which is demonstrated by FTIR and 31P NMR. Further, TG-FTIR and XPS studies also provide information on flame retardancy of both polymers with phosphorus flame retardants.

AB - The focus of this study is an investigation of the effect of oxidation state of phosphorus in phosphorus-based flame retardants on the thermal and flame retardant properties of polyurea and epoxy resin. Three different oxidation states of phosphorus (phosphite, phosphate and phosphine oxide) additives, with different thermal stabilities at a constant phosphorus content (1.5 wt.%) have been utilized. Thermal and flame retardant properties were studied by TGA and cone calorimetry, respectively. The thermal stability of both polymers decreases upon the incorporation of phosphorus flame retardants irrespective of oxidation state and a greater amount of residue was observed in the case of phosphite. Phosphate was found to be better flame retardant in polyurea, whereas phosphite is suitable for epoxy resin. Phosphite will react with epoxy resin by trans-esterification, which is demonstrated by FTIR and 31P NMR. Further, TG-FTIR and XPS studies also provide information on flame retardancy of both polymers with phosphorus flame retardants.

KW - Cone calorimetry

KW - Epoxy resin

KW - Oxidation state

KW - Phosphorus flame retardants

KW - Polyurea

KW - Thermal properties

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U2 - 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.06.009

DO - 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2013.06.009

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84883898043

SN - 0014-3057

VL - 49

SP - 3171

EP - 3180

JO - European Polymer Journal

JF - European Polymer Journal

IS - 10

ER -

Influence of oxidation state of phosphorus on the thermal and flammability of polyurea and epoxy resin

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Keywords

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