TY - JOUR
T1 - Environmental impact and economic assessment of secondary lead production
T2 - Comparison of main spent lead-acid battery recycling processes in China
AU - Tian, Xi
AU - Wu, Yufeng
AU - Hou, Ping
AU - Liang, Sai
AU - Qu, Shen
AU - Xu, Ming
AU - Zuo, Tieyong
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2017/2/15
Y1 - 2017/2/15
N2 - China is the largest lead-acid battery (LAB) consumer and recycler, but suffering from lead contamination due to the spent-lead recycling problems. This paper describes a comparative study of five typical LAB recycling processes in China by compiling data about the input materials, energy consumptions, pollution emissions, and final products. We compared the environmental impacts of these processes in six categories using the Chinese Life Cycle Database (CLCD) and analyzed their economic efficiencies using technology cost modeling (TCM) based on the local market prices of materials and energy. According to the results, we found that not all of the innovative hydrometallurgical processes are healthy alternatives. We should pay attention on indirect emissions in the environmental inspection, take account pollution treatment costs into green profit analysis, and recommend the best process with the change of the society resource supply structure.
AB - China is the largest lead-acid battery (LAB) consumer and recycler, but suffering from lead contamination due to the spent-lead recycling problems. This paper describes a comparative study of five typical LAB recycling processes in China by compiling data about the input materials, energy consumptions, pollution emissions, and final products. We compared the environmental impacts of these processes in six categories using the Chinese Life Cycle Database (CLCD) and analyzed their economic efficiencies using technology cost modeling (TCM) based on the local market prices of materials and energy. According to the results, we found that not all of the innovative hydrometallurgical processes are healthy alternatives. We should pay attention on indirect emissions in the environmental inspection, take account pollution treatment costs into green profit analysis, and recommend the best process with the change of the society resource supply structure.
KW - Environment impact assessment (EIA)
KW - Lead-acid battery (LAB)
KW - Recycle
KW - Secondary lead
KW - Technical cost model (TCM)
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85010872087&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.171
DO - 10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.12.171
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85010872087
SN - 0959-6526
VL - 144
SP - 142
EP - 148
JO - Journal of Cleaner Production
JF - Journal of Cleaner Production
ER -
