具有聚集诱导发光性质的近红外荧光染料

The discovery of the aggregation-induced emission(AIE) phenomenon provides the best solution to solve the problem of fluorescence quenching of traditional organic fluorescent molecules at high concentrations and aggregation state. AIE molecules are widely used in many fields such as photoelectric devices, chemical sensing, biological imaging and targeting therapy. With the deepening of the research on the emissive mechanism of AIE, the AIE molecular system has been greatly expanded. Among them, a class of AIE molecules with donor-acceptor structures can significantly reduce the molecular energy gap and extend the emission wavelengths of molecules from the visible light region(400~700 nm) to the near infrared(NIR) region(700~1700 nm). Due to the unique advantages of NIR fluorescent molecules in the field of biomedicine, they have become the hot topic of AIE research. With the continuous exploration of the design and application of NIR molecules, AIE molecules with different functions and longer emission wavelengths have also been developed, and realized the application of NIR fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging, photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy to specific tissues of organisms. This article summarizes the structure of NIR fluorescent molecules with AIE performance in recent years and their related applications in the field of biomedicine.