TY - JOUR
T1 - Virtual water export and import in china's foreign trade
T2 - A quantification using input-output tables of China from 2000 to 2012
AU - Chen, Weiming
AU - Wu, Sanmang
AU - Lei, Yalin
AU - Li, Shantong
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2018/5
Y1 - 2018/5
N2 - Import virtual water is an effective way to alleviate water shortage. Since China is a country that suffers severely from the lack of water resources, it is badly needed to research in virtual water export and import in China's foreign trade. This paper conducted thorough research on these issues and lucubrated on the detailed destinations and origins of China's virtual water export and import using the input-output model. Moreover, the factors that affect China's virtual water trade have also been studied in this paper. The results indicated that: (1) from 2000 to 2012, the volume of virtual water export increased from 65.2 billion tons to 114.1 billion tons, and its import volume increased from 62.4 billion tons to 108.7 billion tons. China was a net exporter of virtual water; (2) the export of virtual water was mainly exported by sectors such as Textile &Garment and Leather Products, General Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing Industry, the import of virtual water was mainly imported by Agriculture, Petrochemical industry; (3) China has net exported large amounts of virtual water to developed areas such as the US, the European Union, and Japan, and has net imported from emerging economies and resource-oriented regions such as Taiwan (China), ASEAN, Brazil, Korea, Australia and Russia. Based on these conclusions, this paper proposed that China's foreign trade structure needed to be adjusted to relieve the water shortage by the following methods the first is appropriately lower the export proportion of products from sectors such as Food, Beverage & Tobacco Products, Petrochemical Industry, which exported a large proportion of virtual water; the second is to enlarge the export proportion of products with low water consumption, such as service industry; the third is to make full use of the water saving effect of import.
AB - Import virtual water is an effective way to alleviate water shortage. Since China is a country that suffers severely from the lack of water resources, it is badly needed to research in virtual water export and import in China's foreign trade. This paper conducted thorough research on these issues and lucubrated on the detailed destinations and origins of China's virtual water export and import using the input-output model. Moreover, the factors that affect China's virtual water trade have also been studied in this paper. The results indicated that: (1) from 2000 to 2012, the volume of virtual water export increased from 65.2 billion tons to 114.1 billion tons, and its import volume increased from 62.4 billion tons to 108.7 billion tons. China was a net exporter of virtual water; (2) the export of virtual water was mainly exported by sectors such as Textile &Garment and Leather Products, General Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing Industry, the import of virtual water was mainly imported by Agriculture, Petrochemical industry; (3) China has net exported large amounts of virtual water to developed areas such as the US, the European Union, and Japan, and has net imported from emerging economies and resource-oriented regions such as Taiwan (China), ASEAN, Brazil, Korea, Australia and Russia. Based on these conclusions, this paper proposed that China's foreign trade structure needed to be adjusted to relieve the water shortage by the following methods the first is appropriately lower the export proportion of products from sectors such as Food, Beverage & Tobacco Products, Petrochemical Industry, which exported a large proportion of virtual water; the second is to enlarge the export proportion of products with low water consumption, such as service industry; the third is to make full use of the water saving effect of import.
KW - Developed country
KW - Input-output model
KW - Net exporter
KW - Virtual water
KW - Water scarcity
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85014815656&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.02.017
DO - 10.1016/j.resconrec.2017.02.017
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85014815656
SN - 0921-3449
VL - 132
SP - 278
EP - 290
JO - Resources, Conservation and Recycling
JF - Resources, Conservation and Recycling
ER -