Tensor decomposition-based color image watermarking

This paper presents a robust color image watermarking algorithm, which embeds a grayscale image into a color image using the higher order singular value decomposition (HOSVD). We look the color image in the RGB color space upon as a tensor rather than three independent channels. The color image is partitioned into non-overlapped patches (subtensors), and their HOSVDs are computed. Moreover, a subtle preprocessing step, block Arnold transform, is designed to improve the robustness to cropping attack. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm makes the watermarking invisible effectively and is robust against wide variety of non-geometric and geometric attacks.