TY - JOUR
T1 - Stability and Hopf bifurcation of a love model with two delays
AU - Liu, Yifan
AU - Cai, Jiazhi
AU - Xu, Haowen
AU - Shan, Minghe
AU - Gao, Qingbin
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 International Association for Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (IMACS)
PY - 2023/3
Y1 - 2023/3
N2 - We analyze the stability and Hopf bifurcation of a proposed nonlinear love model with two delays. The nonlinearity stems from a logistic term injected to meticulously depict a couple's cautious love affairs. The analysis is based on the linearization theory and starts with a single-delay case assuming that one of the two characters is always impulsive. The critical delay values and existence conditions for the Hopf bifurcation are obtained. Subsequently, we extend to the more practical but also more involved dual-delay case where the delays affect the emotions of both individuals. Accordingly, a non-trivial resultant-based analysis framework is proposed, and the corresponding Hopf bifurcation is detected intuitively and exhaustively by an obtained stability map in the delay domain. The results explain an interesting and well-known feature in our daily life, i.e., proper time delays stabilize the love dynamics. Furthermore, the spectral analysis based on a numerical case reveals another common emotional experience, that proper delays not only lead to a smoother transition process but also yield a shorter settling time for the love convergence. The numerical bifurcation diagram and computational cost are also considered to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the presented analysis framework. Finally, some additional suggestions are provided for the studied couple to earn a sweet love relationship.
AB - We analyze the stability and Hopf bifurcation of a proposed nonlinear love model with two delays. The nonlinearity stems from a logistic term injected to meticulously depict a couple's cautious love affairs. The analysis is based on the linearization theory and starts with a single-delay case assuming that one of the two characters is always impulsive. The critical delay values and existence conditions for the Hopf bifurcation are obtained. Subsequently, we extend to the more practical but also more involved dual-delay case where the delays affect the emotions of both individuals. Accordingly, a non-trivial resultant-based analysis framework is proposed, and the corresponding Hopf bifurcation is detected intuitively and exhaustively by an obtained stability map in the delay domain. The results explain an interesting and well-known feature in our daily life, i.e., proper time delays stabilize the love dynamics. Furthermore, the spectral analysis based on a numerical case reveals another common emotional experience, that proper delays not only lead to a smoother transition process but also yield a shorter settling time for the love convergence. The numerical bifurcation diagram and computational cost are also considered to demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the presented analysis framework. Finally, some additional suggestions are provided for the studied couple to earn a sweet love relationship.
KW - Delay differential equation
KW - Hopf bifurcation
KW - Love affairs
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85143121668&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.matcom.2022.10.012
DO - 10.1016/j.matcom.2022.10.012
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85143121668
SN - 0378-4754
VL - 205
SP - 558
EP - 580
JO - Mathematics and Computers in Simulation
JF - Mathematics and Computers in Simulation
ER -