Recent Structural Developments and Applications of Magnetorheological Dampers (MRD): A Review

Magnetorheological dampers (MRDs) use the controlled rheological properties of MRF with the action of an applied magnetic field to achieve lower current regulation and control larger damping. MRD technology is applied to the defense industry, vehicle engineering, civil engineering, traffic engineering, aerospace, and other equipment. In this paper, the structural design and latest engineering applications of three types of MRDs including internal, bypass, and hybrid are investigated in terms of the number of coils, piston structure, damping channels, and operating modes to obtain the latest developments of MRDs and analyze potential applications. This study is essential for understanding and developing magnetorheological damping technology and applications.