Perceived ANSHIN for Anthropomorphized Robots Compared among U.S., China, and Japan

Nationality differences in perception of ANSHIN for robots are studied with four evaluation factors. To provide an imaginary humanoid with anthropomorphism, six different scenarios with anthropomorphic features defined by human nature and uniquely human are applied in the questionnaire survey. We recruited 408 subjects participating in the impression evaluation experiments; 180 Americans, 48 Chinese and 180 Japanese. They were given cover stories on robot anthropomorphized by scenarios with the uniquely human and the human nature features, then scored ANSHIN evaluation scales on comfortableness, performance, stress and controllability. We applied the multiple comparison test for the collected data, and finally derived the results that Americans perceived more comfortableness, controllability, and performance than Chinese and Japanese. Significant differences are found between the U.S. and the Japanese subjects in the ANSHIN factors except stress.