Optical Josephson oscillation achieved by two coupled exciton-polariton condensates

Two coupled exciton-polariton condensates (EPCs) in a double-well photonic potential are suggested to form the optical Josephson oscillation (JO) whose dependences on the pump arrangement, the potential geometry, and the exciton-photon detuning are studied through the Gross-Pitaevskii equations. When the pump detuning is slightly positive with respect to the polariton energy and the phase difference between the two EPCs is near π/2 (both are controlled by the pump beams), the system demonstrates the optical JO. The optical JO tunneling strength (J) depends on the distance (d) and barrier (Λ) between the two wells, for which an empirical formula is fitted, i.e., J ≈ 0.42 exp(−dΛ/18.4) with the energy and length units in meV and µm. Since the double-well potential adopted is general, this fitting relation can show a guidance in practice for designing the optical devices based on the optical JO.