Numerical simulations of tungsten alloy rods penetration into alumina ceramic/armor steel composite target

The Johnson-Holmquist constitutive ceramic model is re-implemented into the LS_DYNA3D program to simulate the penetration of long rod projectile into ceramic/armor steel composite targets. The damage evolution, fracture propagation, and spall damage in the ceramic/armor targets is represented during the simulation procedure and the accuracy of the penetration depth comparing between the simulating and experimental results is reliable with an error less than 8%. The relationship between the mass efficiency factor, differential factor and ceramic tiles thickness is given out for the penetration results with/without a cover plate.