TY - JOUR
T1 - Epigenetics in Alzheimer’s Disease
T2 - Perspective of DNA Methylation
AU - Qazi, Talal Jamil
AU - Quan, Zhenzhen
AU - Mir, Asif
AU - Qing, Hong
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017, Springer Science+Business Media New York.
PY - 2018/2/1
Y1 - 2018/2/1
N2 - Research over the years has shown that causes of Alzheimer’s disease are not well understood, but over the past years, the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in the developing memory formation either under pathological or physiological conditions has become clear. The term epigenetics represents the heredity of changes in phenotype that are independent of altered DNA sequences. Different studies validated that cytosine methylation of genomic DNA decreases with age in different tissues of mammals, and therefore, the role of epigenetic factors in developing neurological disorders in aging has been under focus. In this review, we summarized and reviewed the involvement of different epigenetic mechanisms especially the DNA methylation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD), familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD), and autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease (ADAD). Down to the minutest of details, we tried to discuss the methylation patterns like mitochondrial DNA methylation and ribosomal DNA (rDNA) methylation. Additionally, we mentioned some therapeutic approaches related to epigenetics, which could provide a potential cure for AD. Moreover, we reviewed some recent studies that validate DNA methylation as a potential biomarker and its role in AD. We hope that this review will provide new insights into the understanding of AD pathogenesis from the epigenetic perspective especially from the perspective of DNA methylation.
AB - Research over the years has shown that causes of Alzheimer’s disease are not well understood, but over the past years, the involvement of epigenetic mechanisms in the developing memory formation either under pathological or physiological conditions has become clear. The term epigenetics represents the heredity of changes in phenotype that are independent of altered DNA sequences. Different studies validated that cytosine methylation of genomic DNA decreases with age in different tissues of mammals, and therefore, the role of epigenetic factors in developing neurological disorders in aging has been under focus. In this review, we summarized and reviewed the involvement of different epigenetic mechanisms especially the DNA methylation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD), familial Alzheimer’s disease (FAD), and autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease (ADAD). Down to the minutest of details, we tried to discuss the methylation patterns like mitochondrial DNA methylation and ribosomal DNA (rDNA) methylation. Additionally, we mentioned some therapeutic approaches related to epigenetics, which could provide a potential cure for AD. Moreover, we reviewed some recent studies that validate DNA methylation as a potential biomarker and its role in AD. We hope that this review will provide new insights into the understanding of AD pathogenesis from the epigenetic perspective especially from the perspective of DNA methylation.
KW - Alzheimer’s disease
KW - DNA methylation
KW - Epigenetic factors
KW - Histone modifications
KW - mtDNA methylation
KW - ncRNAs
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85009471362&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s12035-016-0357-6
DO - 10.1007/s12035-016-0357-6
M3 - Review article
C2 - 28092081
AN - SCOPUS:85009471362
SN - 0893-7648
VL - 55
SP - 1026
EP - 1044
JO - Molecular Neurobiology
JF - Molecular Neurobiology
IS - 2
ER -