Empirical Kinetics Equation of the Synthesis of NTO in Nitric Acid

The influence of concentration of reactants (HNO₃ and TO) and reaction temperature on the rate of synthesis of NTO from TO in nitric acid solution was investigated by using an experimental kinetics model. An exponential kinetic equation was established by nitration of TO in 60.4–76.2 % HNO₃. Experimental data of the nitration of TO with 60.0–96.7 % HNO₃ were used to verify this model. Kinetic parameters such as apparent reaction orders of TO and HNO₃, activation energy and frequency factor for nitration of TO were determined. The values of nitration rate calculated were similar to those measured. This model can quantitatively and qualitatively describe the influence of concentration of reactants and reaction temperature on the rate of nitration TO. In addition, it was found that the kinetics model is potentially suitable for approximately predicting the rate of NTO synthesis from TO.