Comparative analysis of blast load transfer and structural damage in multi-cabin structures during air and underwater explosions

This study presents comprehensive experimental and numerical findings regarding the impact of the fluid medium on blast load transfer and structural damage mechanisms in multi-cabin structures subjected to air and underwater explosions. The experiments demonstrated that the structure primarily underwent a comprehensive dynamic response during an air explosion. In contrast, underwater explosions induced severe localized damage, with fluid properties significantly influencing the shockwave intensity. The observed plastic deformation, shear tearing of the structure, and shock wave characteristics in the experiment were successfully predicted through numerical simulations. Additionally, the numerical simulation unveiled distinct mechanisms of pressure changes in the cabin, attributing air and underwater explosions to transmitted pressure waves and compression shocks of the outer plate, respectively. The high-intensity shock waves generated by underwater explosions and bubble loads sequentially impacted the structure, resulting in more pronounced structural damage compared to the weaker shock wave effect of an air explosion. This study provides valuable insights for comprehending and predicting the response of multi-cabin structures in diverse explosion scenarios.