TY - JOUR
T1 - A visible multi-response electrochemical sensor based on cellulose nanocrystals
AU - Fan, Jing
AU - Xu, Mingcong
AU - Xu, Yi Tao
AU - Hamad, Wadood Y.
AU - Meng, Zihui
AU - MacLachlan, Mark J.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2023/2/1
Y1 - 2023/2/1
N2 - Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), a renewable material extracted from plants, algae, and bacteria, form iridescent films with chiral nematic order. Here, we report stimuli-responsive CNC / polyaniline (PANI) composite films for use in optical and electrochemical sensing. CNC-PANI and CNC-glucose-PANI films with bright structural color were obtained by an optimized self-assembly process. The films responded to humidity, pH and organic solvents with a change in the reflection wavelength, change in visible structural color, and changes in conductivity. A two-layer, conductive CNC-PANI film was prepared and incorporated into a circuit, where it could respond to stimuli with a change in color and increased conductivity. Moreover, a PANI electrochromic device (ECD) with CNC films was fabricated for information encryption. With voltages up to 1.5 V, the color of the ECD changed from green to blue within 1 s, and the CNC pattern hidden inside appeared with good cyclability. The ECD can also be used for anti-counterfeiting due to the chiral nematic CNC pattern. This novel iridescent CNC-PANI film demonstrates the potential of visible electrochemical multi-sensing using natural, sustainable materials.
AB - Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), a renewable material extracted from plants, algae, and bacteria, form iridescent films with chiral nematic order. Here, we report stimuli-responsive CNC / polyaniline (PANI) composite films for use in optical and electrochemical sensing. CNC-PANI and CNC-glucose-PANI films with bright structural color were obtained by an optimized self-assembly process. The films responded to humidity, pH and organic solvents with a change in the reflection wavelength, change in visible structural color, and changes in conductivity. A two-layer, conductive CNC-PANI film was prepared and incorporated into a circuit, where it could respond to stimuli with a change in color and increased conductivity. Moreover, a PANI electrochromic device (ECD) with CNC films was fabricated for information encryption. With voltages up to 1.5 V, the color of the ECD changed from green to blue within 1 s, and the CNC pattern hidden inside appeared with good cyclability. The ECD can also be used for anti-counterfeiting due to the chiral nematic CNC pattern. This novel iridescent CNC-PANI film demonstrates the potential of visible electrochemical multi-sensing using natural, sustainable materials.
KW - Cellulose nanocrystals
KW - Electrochemical sensor
KW - Electrochromic devices
KW - Polyaniline
KW - Structural color
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85146029024&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.cej.2022.141175
DO - 10.1016/j.cej.2022.141175
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85146029024
SN - 1385-8947
VL - 457
JO - Chemical Engineering Journal
JF - Chemical Engineering Journal
M1 - 141175
ER -
