氧化石墨烯和过渡金属碳/氮化合物固定化酶

Two-dimensional nanomaterials have high mechanical strength and specific surface area, a large number of surface functional groups, good hydrophilicity and biocompatibility, and are good carriers for enzyme immobilization. In this paper, classical graphene oxide (GO) and new transition metal carbon/nitrogen compounds (MXenes) were selected, and their preparation methods, structure, physical and chemical properties were introduced respectively. Their applications in the field of enzyme immobilization were reviewed and compared. GO is prepared from graphene by chemical oxidation and then peeled. MXene is prepared from its precursor by etching. Materials prepared by different oxidation or etching methods have differences in composition, structure and properties. There are more reactive functional groups on GO surface, including hydroxyl, carboxyl and epoxy groups, so it is widely used in the field of enzyme immobilization. Enzyme is immobilized on MXenes mainly by the reaction with hydroxyl groups or the adsorption on the negative charges on the surface, and current major application is in biosensors. At last, it is pointed out that there are still some problems for the two kinds of materials, such as low preparation efficiency, easy agglomeration of nanosheets and poor recyclability. The future development directions are to develop simpler and safer material preparation methods, explore more effective means of intercalation and stripping, and improve the recycling strategies of the immobilized enzymes, so as to further promote the application of two-dimensional nanomaterials in the field of enzyme immobilization.