本体金属氧化物在丙烷无氧脱氢中的研究进展

Propylene is a basic chemical raw material and the demand of which has been increasing in recent years，however，the traditional process such as steam cracking and catalytic cracking cannot meet the demand of propylene. Propane dehydrogenation （PDH） process has attracted extensive attention due to its wide sources of raw materials，high selectivity of propylene and easy separation of products. Traditional PDH catalysts are Pt-Sn/Al₂O₃ and CrO_x/Al₂O₃，however，the platinum-based catalyst is expensive，and the chromium based catalyst has high toxicity. The bulk metal oxides（ZrO₂，Al₂O₃，TiO₂，WO₃，Eu₂O₃ and Gd₂O₃）have the advantages of high intrinsic activity，low price，non-toxicity and environmental protection，exhibiting good application prospects. Based on this，this paper reviews the research progress of propane dehydrogenation from two aspects：the mechanism of PDH and the regulation of structure and properties for bulk metal oxide catalysts. It is summarized that coordinative unsaturated metal cation Formula Presented is the main dehydrogenation active site，and its concentration can be regulated by crystallite size，crystal phase，metal doping，noble metal nanoparticles loading，reducing gas（H₂，CO）pretreatment，and so on. Finally，it is pointed out that the coupling of other dehydrogenation active sites（metals or metal oxides）on the basis of bulk metal oxides is an effective way to further improve the catalytic performance of PDH.