新 型 四 唑 ⁃5⁃甲 酰 肼 高 氯 酸 镍 高 氮 含 能 配 合 物 的 合 成 与 性 能

To search green，low-toxicity lead-free primary explosive，a new tetrazole derivative ligand 1H-5-acylhydrazide tetrazole（TZCA）and its complex Ni （TZCA）₂（ClO₄）₂（ECCs-1）were synthesized by hydrazinolysis and coordination reactions using ethyl 1H-tetrazole-5-carboxylate as the raw material. The molecular structure and thermal decomposition properties of the title complex were tested by X-ray single crystal diffraction，IR diffraction，NMR，elemental analysis，thermogravimetric and simultaneous thermal analyzers. The heat of combustion of ECCs-1 was tested by oxygen bomb calorimetry and its energy parameters were predicted based on Hess law and K-J equation. Sensitivities of ECCs-1 were tested by BAM test methods. The results show that the density of TZCA is 1.83 g·cm^-3，monoclinic crystal system，C2/c space group，the stacking mode is V-staggered stacking. The density of ECCs-1 powder is 1.90 g·cm^-3，impact sensitivity is 17 J，friction sensitivity is 72 N，thermal decomposition temperature is 336 ℃，activation energy of the thermal decomposition reaction is 183.3 kJ·mol^-1，thermal explosion critical temperature is 309.8 ℃，activation entropy is 46.745 J·K^-1·mol^-1，and the activation enthalpy is 178.563 kJ·mol^-1. The hot baking and lead plate tests both show that ECCs-1 has a good detonation performance.