密度分级法分离废旧梯黑铝炸药中的RDX与铝粉

In order to study the efficient and low-cost physical method of separating and recycling the components of TNT/RDX/Al explosive, the component of TNT was recovered by controlling-temperature centrifugation and controlling-temperature washing and recrystallization, and the RDX and aluminum powder were separated by density classification according to the different densities between RDX and aluminum powder. The separation conditions were optimized. The recovered materials were characterized by DSC and XRD, and their impact sensitivities were tested. The results show that the recovery rates of RDX and aluminum powder were 67.6% and 86.5%, with the purities of 77.2% and 94.6%, respectively under the condition of zinc bromide solution (density of 2.0g/cm³), reaction temperature 30℃ and centrifugal speed 2500r/min. The recovered RDX has good thermal stability, containing a small amount of aluminum powder and TNT-RDX eutectic, and basically there is no independent TNT, and its impact sensitivity is 90%. The recovered aluminum powder contains trace amounts of alumina powder and explosive components. There is no zinc bromide in either of the recovered components. This physical method adopted can effectively realize the efficient and green recovery of various components from waste TNT/RDX/Al explosive.