含聚磷酸铵蒙脱土纳米复合物热塑性聚氨酯弹性体复合材料的制备及阻燃性能

Thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU)/ ammonium polyphosphate-montmorillonoid (APP-MMT) composites with the mass fraction fo APP-MMT of 1%, 3%, 5%, 7% and 10% were prepared. The SEM, energy dispersive spectrum(EDS), XRD and TGA were used to analyze the dispersion of APP-MMT in the TPU matrix and thermal stability properties of TPU/APP-MMT composites. Limited oxygen index, UL 94 vertical buring, cone calorimeter measurements were used to study the flame retardancy of TPU and TPU/ APP-MMT composites. In order to study the flame-retardant mechanism, the char residues were investigated by SEM and EDS. The results show that APP-MMT as flame retardant is well dispersed in the TPU matrix and the thermal stability of TPU/APP-MMT composites is improved at high temperatures. The peak heat release rate, the peak smoke release rate, carbon monoxide production rate and carbon dioxide production rate of the TPU composite containing 10% APP-MMT are significantly reduced by 55.7%, 50.83%, 21.6% and 56.5%, respectively. TPU/APP-MMT composites can form compact char residues during the cone calorimeter measurement, which could act as barrier to prevent the heat and air, reinforce the fire safety of TPU.