动能撞击偏转近地小天体研究进展

With the defense of near-Earth objects as the background, the basic concepts and physical characteristics of small near-Earth objects are introduced and the research progress on the kinetic deflection of near-Earth objects is reviewed. The cratering morphology, generation mechanism, mass velocity distribution, and scaling law of ejecta material by impact are discussed. Based on the point source hypothesis and experimental and numerical simulation results, the theoretical model and similarity law of momentum transfer are summarized. The influence of the physical characteristics of the near-Earth objects and impact conditions on the momentum transfer coefficient is analyzed. Finally, the problems in the study of kinetic deflection of near-Earth objects are summarized, and some suggestions on the future research trends of kinetic deflection of near-Earth objects are put forward.