X-ray afterglows of GRBs 050318 and 060124 and their external shock origin

The observations with Swift X-ray telescope (XRT) challenge the conventional gamma-ray burst model in many aspects. The XRT light curves are generally composed of four consecutive segments, i.e., a steep decay segment, a shallow decay segment, a normal decay segment, a jet-like steep decay segment, and sometimes erratic flares as well. The physical origin of the X-ray emission is highly debatable. We focus here on the physical origin of the X-ray emissions of GRBs 050318 and 060124. We present the XRT light curves and spectra of the two bursts. The light curve decay slopes of the two bursts are normal, and their relations to the spectral indices are consistent with the prediction of the standard forward shock model. The multi-wavelength light curves at 0.5 keV, 1.0 keV, 2.0 keV and 4.0 keV can be reproduced by this model with an isotropic kinetic energy E_k ≤ 2.2×10⁵² erg, _e ≤ 0.04, _B ≤ 0.01 for GRB 050318 and E_k ≤ 4.2×10⁵³ erg, _e ≤ 0.05, _B ≤ 0.01 for GRB 060124. These facts suggest that the normal decay phases of the X-rays for the two bursts are of the forward shock origin.