Tailoring the Electrochemical Behaviors of Bismuth Ferrite Using Ca Ion Doping

Bismuth ferrite (BFO) is considered as a significant (ABO₃) perovskite ceramic in electronics and energy storage. Since the A site (Bi³⁺) presents electrochemical active feature, electrochemical performance of the perovskite bismuth ferrite as an electrode material is improved by proper calcium ion doping in the aqueous basic electrolyte environment. For substantially promoting the electronic transport capabilities, Ca²⁺ ions are used for substituting partial Bi³⁺ ions at A site via introducing oxygen vacancies. The electrochemical performance suggests that utilization of 10% Ca²⁺ doping (BFO-10%Ca) would offer 305.5 mAh g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹. Specifically, the assembled BFO-10%Ca//graphene asymmetric energy storage devices could deliver a stable energy storage capability up to 3,000 cycles at a current density of 5 A g⁻¹. The results indicate that heterogeneous ion doping would be an effective strategy for improving the electrochemical performance for energy storage application.