TY - JOUR
T1 - Review
T2 - recent developments of substrates for nitrogen and phosphorus removal in CWs treating municipal wastewater
AU - Shen, Shuting
AU - Li, Xiang
AU - Cheng, Fangkui
AU - Zha, Xiao
AU - Lu, Xiwu
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
PY - 2020/8/1
Y1 - 2020/8/1
N2 - Substrates are the main factor influencing the performance of constructed wetlands (CWs), and especially play an important role in enhancing the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from CWs. In the recent 10 years, based on the investigation of emerged substrates used in CWs, this paper summarizes the removal efficiency and mechanism of nitrogen and phosphorus by a single substrate in detail. The simultaneous removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus by different combined substrates is emphatically analyzed. Among them, the reuse of industrial and agricultural wastes as water treatment substrates is recommended due to the efficient pollutant removal efficiency and the principle of waste minimization, also more studies on the environmental impact and risk assessment of the application, and the subsequent disposal of saturated substrates are needed. This work serves as a basis for future screening and development of substrates utilized in CWs, which is helpful to enhance the synchronous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as improve the sustainability of substrates and CWs. Moreover, further studies on the interaction between different types of substrates in the wetland system are desperately needed.
AB - Substrates are the main factor influencing the performance of constructed wetlands (CWs), and especially play an important role in enhancing the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus from CWs. In the recent 10 years, based on the investigation of emerged substrates used in CWs, this paper summarizes the removal efficiency and mechanism of nitrogen and phosphorus by a single substrate in detail. The simultaneous removal efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus by different combined substrates is emphatically analyzed. Among them, the reuse of industrial and agricultural wastes as water treatment substrates is recommended due to the efficient pollutant removal efficiency and the principle of waste minimization, also more studies on the environmental impact and risk assessment of the application, and the subsequent disposal of saturated substrates are needed. This work serves as a basis for future screening and development of substrates utilized in CWs, which is helpful to enhance the synchronous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, as well as improve the sustainability of substrates and CWs. Moreover, further studies on the interaction between different types of substrates in the wetland system are desperately needed.
KW - Combined substrates
KW - Constructed wetlands
KW - Interaction
KW - Nitrogen
KW - Phosphorus
KW - Sustainability
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85085751596&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11356-020-08808-y
DO - 10.1007/s11356-020-08808-y
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32472508
AN - SCOPUS:85085751596
SN - 0944-1344
VL - 27
SP - 29837
EP - 29855
JO - Environmental Science and Pollution Research
JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Research
IS - 24
ER -