Raman Spectroscopy Fiber Probe Based on Metalens and Multimode Fiber for Malachite Green Determination

The limit of Raman spectroscopy probe based on the traditional objective lens, such as integration difficulties, is the primary motivation to find better alternatives. Due to the potential of vertical integration and significant flexible design, a Raman spectroscopy fiber probe based on metalens at the fiber end facet is demonstrated. Using the 'contact and separate' method, we successfully transferred the metalens to the end face of multimode fiber (MMF) to construct the Raman fiber probe with an ultrahigh numerical aperture (NA) of up to 0.66 at air. In the case of the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate composed of Au-plated anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane with the same dry malachite green (MG), compared with the commercial Raman scattering light acquisition system based on an objective lens, our Raman signal intensity increases by at least 2.7 times at the Raman characteristic peak for MG. In the MG aqueous solution, the measurement with a limit of detection (LOD) of 10-9 mol/L at 1616 cm-1 is realized. The proposed SERS sensing configuration based on the proposed Raman fiber probe and Au-covered AAO membrane also shows a broad application potential of real-time monitoring for other markers in the fields of food safety and environment detection.