Provable Data Integrity of Cloud Storage Service with Enhanced Security in the Internet of Things

Utilizing the cloud storage services to replace the conventional storage paradigms in the Internet of Things is becoming popular due to the huge amount of data produced by users. However, guaranteeing data integrity on the cloud is challenging since data owners would lose control of the outsourced data when subscribing the cloud storage services. There have been a lot of Provable Data Possession and Proof of Retrievability schemes proposed to check the data integrity on the cloud. These schemes additionally address the data updating or retrievability problems. Nevertheless, the majority of existing schemes handle only one data block at a time when dealing with the data updates, which is inefficient for the real-time and highly secure services. In order to overcome the efficiency limitation, we propose a new scheme to support the simultaneous updates of multiple data blocks. Specifically, a balanced data structure - SGMHT - an extension of the Merkle Hash Tree (MHT) based on scapegoat tree, is constructed for the proposed goal of the scheme. The scheme also employs an erasure-coded hierarchical log structure to support the delayed update of multiple blocks and the data retrievability. In addition, homomorphic tags are used to reduce the amount of data transmission and enhance the efficiency of data updates. We formally analyze the security of the proposed scheme. The results of the experiments show that our scheme outperforms the existing schemes that are addressing the single block updates in terms of efficiency.