New technology for preparing energetic materials by nanofiltration membrane (NF): rapid and efficient preparation of high-purity ammonium dinitramide (ADN)

The development of environment-friendly and non-toxic green energetic materials and their safe, environmentally friendly, and economical production is very important to the national economy and national security. As an innovative, efficient, and environmentally friendly energetic material, the preferred preparation method of ammonium dinitramide (ADN) is the nitro-sulfur mixed acid method, which has the advantages of high yield, simple method, and easy access to raw materials. However, the large number of inorganic salt ions introduced by this method limits the large-scale production of ADN. Nanofiltration (NF) has been widely used in various industrial processes as a separation method with high separation efficiency and simple operation. In this study, NF was used for the desalination and purification of ADN synthesized by the mixed acid method. The effects of NF types, operation process (pressure, temperature, and feed solution concentration) on desalination efficiency, and membrane flux during purification were examined. The results showed that 600D NF could achieve the efficient desalination and purification of ADN. It was verified that the highest desalination and purification efficiency was achieved at 2 MPa pressure, 25 °C, and 1 time dilution of the feed solution, and the membrane flux of the desalination and purification process was stable. Under the optimized process conditions, the removal rate of inorganic salts and other impurities reached 99% (which can be recycled), the purity of ADN reached 99.8%, and the recovery rate reached 99%. This process has the potential for the large-scale production of ADN and provides a new process for the safe, efficient, and cheap preparation of energetic materials.