Metal-Organic Frameworks: A Solution for Greener Polymeric Materials with Low Fire Hazards

The non-degradability of polymeric materials and the flammability of their products have resulted in significant environmental pollution. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) serve as innovative flame retardants, featuring a high specific surface area, ample pore volume, and customizable structure. By leveraging the structural adjustability of MOFs, biological modifiers containing flame retardant elements can be integrated into MOFs, thereby ensuring flame retardation while imparting biodegradable properties. Moreover, the issue of material pollution can be effectively addressed by utilizing MOFs as flame retardants within renewable polymer matrices. Recently, an increasing number of researchers have concentrated on developing green flame-retardant polymer materials using MOFs. However, as far as is known, no comprehensive review on green polymers with minimal fire risk produced using MOFs currently exists. Consequently, this study reviews the recent advancements in the development of green flame-retardant polymer materials utilizing MOFs, covering the preparation and utilization of bio-based and recyclable MOFs. Additionally, a flame-retardant renewable matrix based on MOFs is also synthesized. Furthermore, this review anticipates discussing the benefits and drawbacks associated with using MOFs to manufacture green flame-retardant polymer products. This work aims to assist researchers in rapidly comprehending the most recent advancements in this field and guiding efficient design.