Mathematical model for thermal behavior of lithium-ion battery pack under overheating

Cong jie Wang; Yan li Zhu; Xue kun Fan; Chuang Qi; Fei Gao

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.116894

Mathematical model for thermal behavior of lithium-ion battery pack under overheating

Cong jie Wang, Yan li Zhu^*, Xue kun Fan, Chuang Qi, Fei Gao

^*Corresponding author for this work

School of Mechatronical Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

26 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The thermal runaway (TR) propagation model during thermally-induced failure of lithium-ion battery (LIB) pack was built based on the single battery TR model. The TR model was verified by the experimental test results of heating at 95 kW∙m⁻³, 107 kW∙m⁻³ and 119 kW∙m⁻³. The heat production ratio of the side reactions was analyzed based on the TR model, and the effects of heating power and convection coefficient on battery TR were discussed. Moreover, the effects of battery gap, clamp, and thermal insulation material on the TR propagation were studied. The results showed that the model considering Joule heat generated by internal short circuit (ISC) as the main heat source was in good agreement with the experimental results. With the increase of heating power per unit volume from 95 kW∙m⁻³ to 155 kW∙m⁻³, the TR critical time decreased and TR critical temperature increased. The TR cannot occur at 143 kW∙m⁻³ when the air convection coefficient was higher than 15 W·m⁻²·K⁻¹. The TR propagation of the battery pack can be effectively restrained by appropriately increasing the thermal resistance between the batteries and between the battery pack and the clamp.

Original language	English
Article number	116894
Journal	Applied Thermal Engineering
Volume	191
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.116894
Publication status	Published - 5 Jun 2021

Keywords

Abuse modeling
Lithium-ion battery
Overheat
Safety
Thermal runaway

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

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10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.116894

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@article{cfb72a8742794f59a68395e24c2bf032,

title = "Mathematical model for thermal behavior of lithium-ion battery pack under overheating",

abstract = "The thermal runaway (TR) propagation model during thermally-induced failure of lithium-ion battery (LIB) pack was built based on the single battery TR model. The TR model was verified by the experimental test results of heating at 95 kW∙m−3, 107 kW∙m−3 and 119 kW∙m−3. The heat production ratio of the side reactions was analyzed based on the TR model, and the effects of heating power and convection coefficient on battery TR were discussed. Moreover, the effects of battery gap, clamp, and thermal insulation material on the TR propagation were studied. The results showed that the model considering Joule heat generated by internal short circuit (ISC) as the main heat source was in good agreement with the experimental results. With the increase of heating power per unit volume from 95 kW∙m−3 to 155 kW∙m−3, the TR critical time decreased and TR critical temperature increased. The TR cannot occur at 143 kW∙m−3 when the air convection coefficient was higher than 15 W·m−2·K−1. The TR propagation of the battery pack can be effectively restrained by appropriately increasing the thermal resistance between the batteries and between the battery pack and the clamp.",

keywords = "Abuse modeling, Lithium-ion battery, Overheat, Safety, Thermal runaway",

author = "Wang, {Cong jie} and Zhu, {Yan li} and Fan, {Xue kun} and Chuang Qi and Fei Gao",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Elsevier Ltd",

year = "2021",

month = jun,

day = "5",

doi = "10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.116894",

language = "English",

volume = "191",

journal = "Applied Thermal Engineering",

issn = "1359-4311",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Mathematical model for thermal behavior of lithium-ion battery pack under overheating

AU - Wang, Cong jie

AU - Zhu, Yan li

AU - Fan, Xue kun

AU - Qi, Chuang

AU - Gao, Fei

PY - 2021/6/5

Y1 - 2021/6/5

N2 - The thermal runaway (TR) propagation model during thermally-induced failure of lithium-ion battery (LIB) pack was built based on the single battery TR model. The TR model was verified by the experimental test results of heating at 95 kW∙m−3, 107 kW∙m−3 and 119 kW∙m−3. The heat production ratio of the side reactions was analyzed based on the TR model, and the effects of heating power and convection coefficient on battery TR were discussed. Moreover, the effects of battery gap, clamp, and thermal insulation material on the TR propagation were studied. The results showed that the model considering Joule heat generated by internal short circuit (ISC) as the main heat source was in good agreement with the experimental results. With the increase of heating power per unit volume from 95 kW∙m−3 to 155 kW∙m−3, the TR critical time decreased and TR critical temperature increased. The TR cannot occur at 143 kW∙m−3 when the air convection coefficient was higher than 15 W·m−2·K−1. The TR propagation of the battery pack can be effectively restrained by appropriately increasing the thermal resistance between the batteries and between the battery pack and the clamp.

AB - The thermal runaway (TR) propagation model during thermally-induced failure of lithium-ion battery (LIB) pack was built based on the single battery TR model. The TR model was verified by the experimental test results of heating at 95 kW∙m−3, 107 kW∙m−3 and 119 kW∙m−3. The heat production ratio of the side reactions was analyzed based on the TR model, and the effects of heating power and convection coefficient on battery TR were discussed. Moreover, the effects of battery gap, clamp, and thermal insulation material on the TR propagation were studied. The results showed that the model considering Joule heat generated by internal short circuit (ISC) as the main heat source was in good agreement with the experimental results. With the increase of heating power per unit volume from 95 kW∙m−3 to 155 kW∙m−3, the TR critical time decreased and TR critical temperature increased. The TR cannot occur at 143 kW∙m−3 when the air convection coefficient was higher than 15 W·m−2·K−1. The TR propagation of the battery pack can be effectively restrained by appropriately increasing the thermal resistance between the batteries and between the battery pack and the clamp.

KW - Abuse modeling

KW - Lithium-ion battery

KW - Overheat

KW - Safety

KW - Thermal runaway

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JO - Applied Thermal Engineering

JF - Applied Thermal Engineering

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Mathematical model for thermal behavior of lithium-ion battery pack under overheating

Abstract

Keywords

UN SDGs

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