Learning-Based Vehicle State Estimation Using Gaussian Process Regression Combined with Extended Kalman Filter

In order to address the challenge of accurate vehicle state estimation, especially in highly nonlinear and complex operating conditions, this paper proposes a learning-based method for vehicle state estimation. To achieve this, a novel theoretical framework is constructed that combines the model-based Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) with Gaussian process regression (GPR). By establishing a dynamic model of the vehicle and describing the errors using machine learning techniques, the sources of state estimation errors are analyzed. Furthermore, by considering the model uncertainty, an error prediction model is developed through GPR learning from real-world vehicle data. Combined with EKF, the proposed method enables high-precision online estimation of vehicle state. To validate the proposed method, tests are performed on a real vehicle test platform equipped with high-precision sensors and data acquisition equipment, under two different operating conditions: emergency and normal. The results are compared with those obtained using EKF and State Observer, which demonstrates a more accurate and adaptable vehicle state estimation, and provides a method for quantitatively describing the confidence interval of vehicle state estimation result.