TY - JOUR
T1 - Investigations of flame-retarded thermoplastic poly(imide-urethane)s with intumescent flame retardants
AU - Tang, Qiheng
AU - Yang, Rongjie
AU - Song, Yun
AU - He, Jiyu
PY - 2014/6/11
Y1 - 2014/6/11
N2 - A series of flame-retarded thermoplastic poly(imide-urethane)s (TPIUs) with either ammonium polyphosphate (APP) alone or APP and dipentaerythritol (DPER) have been prepared. The fracture strength and strain of TPIU composites decrease with increasing amount of intumescent flame retardant (IFR), as shown by tensile tests. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the initial decomposition temperature (T5%) of TPIU composites decreases with increasing IFR loading. The flame retardancies of these TPIU composites have also been tested according to the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and UL-94 standards. The results have indicated that the LOI value of TPIU/APP is a little higher than that of TPIU/(APP + DPER) with the same loading. Furthermore, 50% APP alone or APP + DPER incorporation into TPIU allowed attainment of the UL-94 V-0 standard. Details of fire behavior, such as time to ignition, heat release rate, peak of the heat release rate, total smoke release, and total heat release, have been tested by means of a cone calorimeter. Moreover, the char residues of TPIU composites after cone calorimetry have been investigated in detail by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and energy-dispersive X-ray reflectometry.
AB - A series of flame-retarded thermoplastic poly(imide-urethane)s (TPIUs) with either ammonium polyphosphate (APP) alone or APP and dipentaerythritol (DPER) have been prepared. The fracture strength and strain of TPIU composites decrease with increasing amount of intumescent flame retardant (IFR), as shown by tensile tests. Thermogravimetric analysis shows that the initial decomposition temperature (T5%) of TPIU composites decreases with increasing IFR loading. The flame retardancies of these TPIU composites have also been tested according to the limiting oxygen index (LOI) and UL-94 standards. The results have indicated that the LOI value of TPIU/APP is a little higher than that of TPIU/(APP + DPER) with the same loading. Furthermore, 50% APP alone or APP + DPER incorporation into TPIU allowed attainment of the UL-94 V-0 standard. Details of fire behavior, such as time to ignition, heat release rate, peak of the heat release rate, total smoke release, and total heat release, have been tested by means of a cone calorimeter. Moreover, the char residues of TPIU composites after cone calorimetry have been investigated in detail by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and energy-dispersive X-ray reflectometry.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84902449363&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1021/ie500651t
DO - 10.1021/ie500651t
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84902449363
SN - 0888-5885
VL - 53
SP - 9728
EP - 9737
JO - Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research
JF - Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research
IS - 23
ER -