Interferogram formation and step by step InSAR processing

Interferometric SAR (InSAR) has become an effective way of measuring objects in three dimensions and carrying out terrain survey for both civil and military applications. In this regard InSAR simulations provide synthetic data to test and validate the process of InSAR applications. The simulations for InSAR for both airborne and space borne InSAR applications generally fall in two categories. First type includes SAR raw data generation based on the backscatter model of the land surface combined with the SAR pulse transformation function and the second type is to simulate the interferogram, based on a digital elevation model (DEM). The aim of this paper is to develop an interferogram simulation using techniques which are easy to use and grasp. After the Interferogram formation further InSAR processes are simulated to generate height maps and perform geo-coding.