Improved Combustion Performance of Fluororubber-Coated Micro-Nano Composite Aluminum Powder

In order to improve the reaction rate and reaction degree of aluminized explosives, the micro-nano composite aluminum powder was fabricated by a new method of in situ electro-explosion. The combustion performances of the composite aluminum powder were studied. The results showed that the micro-nano composite aluminum powder was like a “sea urchin structure” with many nano-sized powders around a single micro-sized aluminum particle. The heat of combustion was 25.67 MJ/kg at 3 MPa oxygen pressure, and the rising rate of pressure was particularly obvious. The ignition performance in an air environment was much better than the micro-sized aluminum powder. At the same time, the reaction process of the micro-nano composite aluminum powder was analyzed. The reaction can be divided into three stages, the decomposition of fluororubber between 500 and 600 °C, then melting, and the first step of the oxidation of aluminum powder occurred between 600 and 700 °C. In the third stage, the micro-nano composite aluminum powder reacted violently around 1000 °C and the released energy reached 3779 J/g. The micro-nano composite aluminum powder had excellent combustion performance and a good application prospect in high-power energy storage materials.