Hydrometallurgical recycling of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries by reductive leaching with stannous chloride

Liu ye Sun, Bo rui Liu, Tong Wu, Guan ge Wang, Qing Huang*, Yue feng Su, Feng Wu

*Corresponding author for this work

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Abstract

The reductant is a critical factor in the hydrometallurgical recycling of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). There is limited information regarding the use of SnCl2 as a reductant with organic acid (maleic acid) for recovering valuable metals from spent Li-CoO2 material. In this study, the leaching efficiencies of Li and Co with 1 mol·L−1 of maleic acid and 0.3 mol·L−1 of SnCl2 were found to be 98.67% and 97.5%, respectively, at 60°C and a reaction time of 40 min. We investigated the kinetics and thermodynamics of the leaching process in this study to better understand the mechanism of the leaching process. Based on a comparison with H2O2 with respect to leaching efficiency, the optimal leaching parameters, and the activation energy, we determined that it is feasible to replace H2O2 with SnCl2 as a leaching reductant in the leaching process. In addition, when SnCl2 is used in the acid-leaching process, Sn residue in the leachate may have a positive effect on the re-synthesis of nickel-rich cathode materials. Therefore, the results of this study provide a potential direction for the selection of reductants in the hydrometallurgical recovery of valuable metals from spent LIBs.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)991-1000
Number of pages10
JournalInternational Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials
Volume28
Issue number6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Jun 2021

Keywords

  • maleic acid
  • recovery
  • reductant
  • spent lithium-ion batteries
  • stannous chloride

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Sun, L. Y., Liu, B. R., Wu, T., Wang, G. G., Huang, Q., Su, Y. F., & Wu, F. (2021). Hydrometallurgical recycling of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries by reductive leaching with stannous chloride. International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials, 28(6), 991-1000. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12613-020-2115-z