Highly robust performance of a compact, wide-angle, nano-optic capsule endoscopy camera

The performance of capsule endoscopy, which plays an important role in noninvasive medical diagnostics, has been limited by aberrations and large optical sizes caused by several traditional lenses.We propose a capsule endoscopy camera based on a metalens that distinguishes it from existing technologies in three aspects. First, the camera achieved a high FOV of 160°, enabling a comprehensive examination of internal organs. Second, we achieved a compact design with an optical diameter of 1.6 mm and a length of 1.4 mm to enhance patient comfort. The attainment of exceptional image quality with an MTF of more than 45% at 300 lp/mm is the third advantage of this camera. The theoretical performance of this innovative approach shows great potential to improve diagnostic capabilities.