Cui, Y., Gao, R., Zhang, Q., Wang, Y., Liu, J., Wang, F., Xu, Q., Li, Z., Zhu, L., Chang, H., Guo, D., Zhou, S., Wang, F., Pan, X., Dong, Z., Tian, Q., Tian, F., Huang, X., Yan, J., ... Xin, X. (2023). Hidden conditional random field-based equalizer for the 3D-CAP-64 transmission of OAM mode-division multiplexed ring-core fiber communication. Optics Express, 31(18), 28747-28763. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.495146
Cui, Yi ; Gao, Ran ; Zhang, Qi et al. / Hidden conditional random field-based equalizer for the 3D-CAP-64 transmission of OAM mode-division multiplexed ring-core fiber communication. In: Optics Express. 2023 ; Vol. 31, No. 18. pp. 28747-28763.
@article{ceb44156bb7b446fbf44ee105793bc39,
title = "Hidden conditional random field-based equalizer for the 3D-CAP-64 transmission of OAM mode-division multiplexed ring-core fiber communication",
abstract = "As a key technique for achieving ultra-high capacity optical fiber communications, orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode-division multiplexing (MDM) is affected by severe nonlinear impairments, including modulation related nonlinearities, square-law nonlinearity and mode-coupling-induced nonlinearity. In this paper, an equalizer based on a hidden conditional random field (HCRF) is proposed for the nonlinear mitigation of OAM-MDM optical fiber communication systems with 20 GBaud three-dimensional carrierless amplitude and phase modulation-64 (3D-CAP-64) signals. The HCRF equalizer extracts the stochastic nonlinear feature of the OAM-MDM 3D-CAP-64 signals by estimating the conditional probabilities of the hidden variables, thereby enabling the signals to be classified into subclasses of constellation points. The nonlinear impairment can then be mitigated based on the statistical probability distribution of the hidden variables of the OAM-MDM transmission channel in the HCRF equalizer. Our experimental results show that compared with a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based equalizer, the proposed HCRF equalizer improves the receiver sensitivity by 2 dB and 1 dB for the two OAM modes used here, with l = + 2 and l = + 3, respectively, at the 7% forward error correction (FEC) threshold. When compared with a Volterra nonlinear equalizer (VNE) and CNN-based equalizer, the computational complexity of the proposed HCRF equalizer was found to be reduced by 30% and 41%, respectively. The bit error ratio (BER) performance and reduction in computational complexity indicate that the proposed HCRF equalizer has great potential to mitigate nonlinear distortions in high-speed OAM-MDM fiber communication systems.",
author = "Yi Cui and Ran Gao and Qi Zhang and Yongjun Wang and Jie Liu and Fei Wang and Qi Xu and Zhipei Li and Lei Zhu and Huan Chang and Dong Guo and Sitong Zhou and Fu Wang and Xiaolong Pan and Ze Dong and Qinghua Tian and Feng Tian and Xin Huang and Jinghao Yan and Lin Jiang and Xiangjun Xin",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.",
year = "2023",
month = aug,
day = "28",
doi = "10.1364/OE.495146",
language = "English",
volume = "31",
pages = "28747--28763",
journal = "Optics Express",
issn = "1094-4087",
publisher = "Optica Publishing Group",
number = "18",
}
Cui, Y, Gao, R, Zhang, Q, Wang, Y, Liu, J, Wang, F, Xu, Q, Li, Z, Zhu, L, Chang, H, Guo, D, Zhou, S, Wang, F, Pan, X, Dong, Z, Tian, Q, Tian, F, Huang, X, Yan, J, Jiang, L & Xin, X 2023, 'Hidden conditional random field-based equalizer for the 3D-CAP-64 transmission of OAM mode-division multiplexed ring-core fiber communication', Optics Express, vol. 31, no. 18, pp. 28747-28763. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.495146
Hidden conditional random field-based equalizer for the 3D-CAP-64 transmission of OAM mode-division multiplexed ring-core fiber communication. / Cui, Yi
; Gao, Ran; Zhang, Qi et al.
In:
Optics Express, Vol. 31, No. 18, 28.08.2023, p. 28747-28763.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - Hidden conditional random field-based equalizer for the 3D-CAP-64 transmission of OAM mode-division multiplexed ring-core fiber communication
AU - Cui, Yi
AU - Gao, Ran
AU - Zhang, Qi
AU - Wang, Yongjun
AU - Liu, Jie
AU - Wang, Fei
AU - Xu, Qi
AU - Li, Zhipei
AU - Zhu, Lei
AU - Chang, Huan
AU - Guo, Dong
AU - Zhou, Sitong
AU - Wang, Fu
AU - Pan, Xiaolong
AU - Dong, Ze
AU - Tian, Qinghua
AU - Tian, Feng
AU - Huang, Xin
AU - Yan, Jinghao
AU - Jiang, Lin
AU - Xin, Xiangjun
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.
PY - 2023/8/28
Y1 - 2023/8/28
N2 - As a key technique for achieving ultra-high capacity optical fiber communications, orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode-division multiplexing (MDM) is affected by severe nonlinear impairments, including modulation related nonlinearities, square-law nonlinearity and mode-coupling-induced nonlinearity. In this paper, an equalizer based on a hidden conditional random field (HCRF) is proposed for the nonlinear mitigation of OAM-MDM optical fiber communication systems with 20 GBaud three-dimensional carrierless amplitude and phase modulation-64 (3D-CAP-64) signals. The HCRF equalizer extracts the stochastic nonlinear feature of the OAM-MDM 3D-CAP-64 signals by estimating the conditional probabilities of the hidden variables, thereby enabling the signals to be classified into subclasses of constellation points. The nonlinear impairment can then be mitigated based on the statistical probability distribution of the hidden variables of the OAM-MDM transmission channel in the HCRF equalizer. Our experimental results show that compared with a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based equalizer, the proposed HCRF equalizer improves the receiver sensitivity by 2 dB and 1 dB for the two OAM modes used here, with l = + 2 and l = + 3, respectively, at the 7% forward error correction (FEC) threshold. When compared with a Volterra nonlinear equalizer (VNE) and CNN-based equalizer, the computational complexity of the proposed HCRF equalizer was found to be reduced by 30% and 41%, respectively. The bit error ratio (BER) performance and reduction in computational complexity indicate that the proposed HCRF equalizer has great potential to mitigate nonlinear distortions in high-speed OAM-MDM fiber communication systems.
AB - As a key technique for achieving ultra-high capacity optical fiber communications, orbital angular momentum (OAM) mode-division multiplexing (MDM) is affected by severe nonlinear impairments, including modulation related nonlinearities, square-law nonlinearity and mode-coupling-induced nonlinearity. In this paper, an equalizer based on a hidden conditional random field (HCRF) is proposed for the nonlinear mitigation of OAM-MDM optical fiber communication systems with 20 GBaud three-dimensional carrierless amplitude and phase modulation-64 (3D-CAP-64) signals. The HCRF equalizer extracts the stochastic nonlinear feature of the OAM-MDM 3D-CAP-64 signals by estimating the conditional probabilities of the hidden variables, thereby enabling the signals to be classified into subclasses of constellation points. The nonlinear impairment can then be mitigated based on the statistical probability distribution of the hidden variables of the OAM-MDM transmission channel in the HCRF equalizer. Our experimental results show that compared with a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based equalizer, the proposed HCRF equalizer improves the receiver sensitivity by 2 dB and 1 dB for the two OAM modes used here, with l = + 2 and l = + 3, respectively, at the 7% forward error correction (FEC) threshold. When compared with a Volterra nonlinear equalizer (VNE) and CNN-based equalizer, the computational complexity of the proposed HCRF equalizer was found to be reduced by 30% and 41%, respectively. The bit error ratio (BER) performance and reduction in computational complexity indicate that the proposed HCRF equalizer has great potential to mitigate nonlinear distortions in high-speed OAM-MDM fiber communication systems.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85171298595&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1364/OE.495146
DO - 10.1364/OE.495146
M3 - Article
C2 - 37710688
AN - SCOPUS:85171298595
SN - 1094-4087
VL - 31
SP - 28747
EP - 28763
JO - Optics Express
JF - Optics Express
IS - 18
ER -
Cui Y, Gao R, Zhang Q, Wang Y, Liu J, Wang F et al. Hidden conditional random field-based equalizer for the 3D-CAP-64 transmission of OAM mode-division multiplexed ring-core fiber communication. Optics Express. 2023 Aug 28;31(18):28747-28763. doi: 10.1364/OE.495146